Cov neeg hlau tau tsim los rau niaj hnub no, thiab cov qauv ntawm lub mainframe tau siv. Nws txoj kev loj hlob tsis yog ib hmos tab sis tau muaj ntau tshaj li ib nrab xyoo pua. Cia's tham txog qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab kev loj hlob ntawm tus neeg hlau.
1. Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov neeg hlau
Cov neeg hlau suav nrog peb qhov tseem ceeb thiab rau lub subsystems, uas peb qhov tseem ceeb yog xa mus rau cov khoom siv kho tshuab, qhov kev paub txog, thiab kev tswj xyuas, thiab rau lub subsystems xa mus rau kev tsav tsheb, cov qauv kev siv tshuab, kev xav system, cov neeg hlau-ib puag ncig kev sib cuam tshuam system, tib neeg-khoos phis tawj kev sib cuam tshuam, thiab Kev tswj hwm qhov system tau qhia hauv daim duab hauv qab no.
Cov haujlwm ntawm rau lub subsystems tau piav qhia hauv qab no:
(1) Tsav system. Lub kaw lus tsav yog ib qho khoom siv sib kis tau npaj rau txhua qhov sib koom ua ke, uas yog, txhua qib ntawm kev ywj pheej ntawm kev txav mus los, txhawm rau ua kom cov neeg hlau khiav. Lub kaw lus tsav tuaj yeem yog hydraulic kis tau tus mob, pneumatic kis tau tus mob, hluav taws xob kis tau tus mob, los yog ib tug kev sib txuas ntawm lawv, los yog ncaj qha tsav los yog indirect tsav los ntawm cov neeg kho tshuab kis mechanisms xws li synchronous siv, chains, gear tsheb ciav hlau, harmonic gears, thiab lwm yam.
(2) Mechanical structure system. The mechanical structure system of the industrial robot includes three parts: the base, the arm, and the end operator. Each part has several degrees of freedom, forming a multi-degree-of-freedom mechanical system. If the base has a walking mechanism, it constitutes a walking robot; if the base does not have a walking and waist rotation mechanism, it constitutes a single robot arm. The arm generally includes three parts: the upper arm, the lower arm, and the wrist. The end operator is an important part directly mounted on the wrist. It can be a two-fingered or multi-fingered claw, or it can be a painting gun, welding tool, and other working tools.
(3) Txaus siab rau qhov system. Lub kaw lus ntsuas suav nrog lub ntsuas ntsuas sab hauv thiab lub ntsuas ntsuas sab nraud, thiab nws txoj haujlwm yog kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm lub xeev ib puag ncig sab hauv thiab sab nraud. Vim yog kev siv cov cuab yeej ntse, kev txav mus los, kev hloov pauv, thiab qib kev txawj ntse ntawm cov neeg hlau tuaj yeem txhim kho. Txawm hais tias tib neeg qhov kev hnov mob tsis tshua muaj siab rau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub ntiaj teb sab nraud, rau qee cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb, lub sensor yog qhov tseeb dua li tib neeg kev hnov lus.
(4) Robot environment interaction system. The role of the robot-environment interaction system is to realize the mutual connection and coordination between the industrial robot and the equipment in the external environment. Industrial robots and external equipment can be integrated into a functional unit, such as processing and manufacturing units, welding units, assembly units, etc. Of course, multiple robots, multiple machine tools or equipment, multiple parts storage devices, etc. can also be integrated into a functional unit to perform complex tasks.
(5) Kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm tib neeg-lub computer. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm tib neeg-khoos phis tawj sib cuam tshuam yog kom paub tus neeg teb xov tooj' kev koom tes hauv kev tswj hwm neeg hlau thiab kev sib cuag nrog cov neeg hlau. Piv txwv li, tus qauv terminals rau computers, hais kom ua consoles, cov ntaub ntawv qhia vaj huam sib luag, teeb liab ceeb toom, thiab lwm yam. Lub kaw lus yuav muab faib ua ob pawg, uas yog, cov lus txib-muab ntaus ntawv thiab cov ntaub ntawv tso saib ntaus ntawv.
(6) Control system. The function of the control system is to control the robot's actuator to complete the specified motion and function according to the robot's operation instruction program and the feedback signal from the sensor. If the industrial robot has no information feedback function, it is an open-loop control system; if it has an information feedback function, it is a closed-loop control system. According to the control principle, the control system can be divided into program control system, adaptive control system, and artificial intelligence control system. According to the form of control movement, the control system can be divided into point control and trajectory control.
2. Kev txhim kho ntawm cov neeg hlau
By the way, I would like to talk about the development status of robots around the world. In 1954, Davor in the United States first proposed the concept of industrial robots and applied for a patent. The key of the patent is to use servo technology to control the joints of the robot, to teach the robot movements with the help of human hands, and the robot has the function of recording and reproducing movements. This is the so-called teaching and reproduction robot, and most of the existing robots adopt this control method. Known as the "Father of Industrial Robots", Joseph F. Engel Berger founded the world's first robotics company, Unimation, in 1958, and participated in the design of the first Unimate robot. The robot is a five-axis hydraulically driven robot for die-casting operations, and the control of the arm is done by a dedicated computer. It uses discrete numerical control elements and is equipped with a magnetic drum to store information and can memorize 180 work steps. During this period, another American company, AMF, also began to develop Versatran industrial robots. It is mainly used for material transportation between machines and is driven by hydraulics. The arm of the robot can revolve around the base, lift up and down in the vertical direction, and can also expand and contract in the radial direction. In general, Unimate and Versatran can be considered the world's first industrial robots. The control methods of these two industrial robots are roughly similar to CNC machine tools, but their shape and characteristics are very different, mainly composed of human-like hands and arms.
Tag nrho cov nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov, robots yog ib tug tseem ceeb cim ntawm niaj hnub technologies kev vam meej. Nws yog ib qho kev tshwm sim ntawm ib lub teb chaws' lub zog ntawm lub teb chaws.